Go and Fetch a Falling Star


Song: Go and catch a falling star

 

BY JOHN DONNE

 

Go and catch a falling star,

    Get with child a mandrake root,

Tell me where all past years are,

    Or who cleft the devil's foot,

Teach me to hear mermaids singing,

Or to keep off envy's stinging,

            And find What wind

Serves to advance an honest mind.

 

If thou be'st born to strange sights,

    Things invisible to see,

Ride ten thousand days and nights,

    Till age snow white hairs on thee,

Thou, when thou return'st, wilt tell me,

All strange wonders that befell thee,

            And swear,  No where

Lives a woman true, and fair.

 

If thou find'st one, let me know,

    Such a pilgrimage were sweet;

Yet do not, I would not go,

    Though at next door we might meet;

Though she were true, when you met her,

And last, till you write your letter,

            Yet she Will be

False, ere I come, to two, or three.

 

John Donne

John Donne was an English poet, lawyer, cleric and a great scholar. He was born into a catholic family in 1572.  He became a cleric in the Church of England.  He is one of the greatest representative of the metaphysical poets.  His works including sonnets are well known for his preaching.  His works are packed with sudden openings, paradoxes, ironies and rhythmic speeches.  His works met sharp criticism.  His poems are based on true religion on which he spent much of his time. His earlier works showed a great knowledge of satires which brought out the corruption in the legal system and posh courtiers and misunderstanding of true religion.  He was ordained deacon in 1615 and served as a member of parliament in 1601 and in 1614.

 He lived in great poverty for several years. His life depended on his wealthy companions.  He spent much of wealth on womanizing and pastimes and travel.  He married Anne More secretly and had twelve children. He died in 1631.

 Summary of the Poem

“Go and catch a falling star,” was written by John Donne.  It was first published in 1633 based on a traditional theme of women’s infidelity.  In this three stanza poem the poet tells the listener that he it is possible to look the whole world over whatever he likes but finding a woman who will be faithful and honest to him is like looking out for a mermaid or meeting a devil which is an impossible task.  It is a satirical poem but at the same time the poet expresses his honest and bitter and cynical opinion towards the women society and their fake relationships.

Analysis of the Song: Go and catch a falling star 

Stanza One 

“Go and catch a falling star,

    Get with child a mandrake root,

Tell me where all past years are,

    Or who cleft the devil's foot,

Teach me to hear mermaids singing,

Or to keep off envy's stinging,

            And find What wind

Serves to advance an honest mind.”

 The first stanza beings as a conversation.  The speaker tells the listener to go and catch a falling star which gives the poem a prominent place in the literature world.  He ask the listener to “get with child”, a “mandrake root”, which give the poem a startling effect.

(Mandrake root - a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers-Dictionary meaning.) The poet uses these to us to get into the poem. He asks him to find out all the facts about the past, and it’s impossible to know the historical truths.  He then goes on to ask to find out who divided the devils hoof into two parts. He would like to find out how it has happened. He ask the listener to teach him to hear the song of the mermaid and to keep off the feeling of envy and to find out how the fortune wind could push a honest and sincere man onward.

 Stanza two

 “If thou be'st born to strange sights,

    Things invisible to see,

Ride ten thousand days and nights,

    Till age snow white hairs on thee,

Thou, when thou return'st, wilt tell me,

All strange wonders that befell thee,

            And swear,  No where

Lives a woman true, and fair.”

 In the second stanza the poet asks the listener to go and explore the invisible things and ride ten thousand days and nights to discover impossible thing until he becomes old and his hairs turn white, when he comes back he will tell all kinds of strange and magical stories. But among these he swears that he would not have seen any woman who is pretty, honest, true and fair. This stanza complains about the dishonesty of women.  He expresses his disbelief and disappointment on women.

Stanza three

“If thou find'st one, let me know,

    Such a pilgrimage were sweet;

Yet do not, I would not go,

    Though at next door we might meet;

Though she were true, when you met her,

And last, till you write your letter,

            Yet she Will be

False, ere I come, to two, or three.”

 In the final stanza he gives a conclusion on his views on the infidelity of women.  He says to the listener, if the listener finds a pretty and fair woman, he should inform the poet (speaker) and it would be a great challenge to meet such fair and pretty woman, he would go pilgrimage to meet her.  But soon the poet changes his mind and refuses to go.  He says he would not go to meet her even if she is his neighbour living next door, because she may be true and honest when the listener met her and lasted faithful till he writes about her in his letter. But she would have changed and cheated at least two or three lovers by the time the speaker met her.

 Literary analysis

Metaphysical Poem

Metaphysical poetry is based on the detail figurative language, original conceits, paradoxes, and philosophical topics.  Metaphysical poets belong to 17th century English poets.  They are recognized by their lyrical quality of their verse. John Donne is well known as a metaphysical poet who lived in 16th century and well known leading figure in the literature world.  There are different metaphysical features we can find in this poem such as serious arguments and deep analysis, emotional and intellectual, interesting comparisons, brilliant ideas and situation.

Structure

The poem consists of nine lines with different number pattern, totally three stanzas with ABABCCDDD rhyming pattern. Lyrical form to sing.  Theme is infidelity of women, the poet is the speaker who shows his disbelief on women society.

Metaphor

A metaphor describes an object or action in a different way which is not true.  “Falling star” a biblical reference to the fallen angel Lucifer who betrayed the God.  The poet uses this to show the infidelity of women who are not faithful.

 Allusions

Indirect reference.  Mandrake root (a human shaped plant root which is used in witchcraft and black magic.)  ”Devil’s cleft foot” refers to the feet of devil which is divided into two hooves like.  “Mermaid singing” refers to a mythical character looks half human and half like a sea creature with fish tail.  The poet challenges the listener to find such wonders of the world.  He says he perhaps he could find these wonders but he can never find a faithful woman.

Apostrophe

Apostrophe refers to a speech or address to a person who is not present.

The poem starts with the speakers command or request or challenge to the listener.  This prepares the reader to think of those impossible challenges of the poet.

 Visual imagery

It refers to visual images or auditory images.   “Falling star” , “Mandrake root”, “devil foot”, “mermaid singing” ,”White hairs on thee”  all these bring an interesting impossible visual images to the readers to enjoy and feel the broken views of the poet on the unfaithful women.

Enjambment

Continuation of a sentence without a pause which goes beyond the end of the line.

 Hyperbole

Exaggerated description.  “Ten thousand days and nights” is not possible task for person to undertake.  All the visual images the poet used in the poem are good example of exaggeration.  The poet is hurt and his expressions on the virtue of women are quite hyperbolic. “Pilgrimage “ is an unusual imagination to make the readers understand his feelings.

Themes

Infidelity of women

The poet explores the infidelity of women in each and every stanza of the poem.  He brings out the theme by using images of magic and impossibilities.  He insists still the end of the poem that it is hard to find a fair and faithful woman.  He begins by commanding his listener to find certain impossible tasks, and says it that it would be much easier to find those magical things than to find a faithful fair woman.  He further explains by using images like impregnating a mandrake root, listening to the songs of the mermaids and the cloven foot of the devil.

The poet further says that even if the listener spent all his lifetime searching an honest woman, he would not find one. But to his satisfaction he tries to conclude the poem with little hope, even the listener find a faithful woman she would become unfaithful before the speaker could meet her.  It is quite disappointing.

Thus the poet closes the poem with disappointment and expresses his unhappiness over the women.  John Donne uses light and humorous tone in few situations. The poem carries a meaning to understand.    Analyzing the use of conceits would bring out different view on the masterpiece.  But it would take time and patience to understand and enjoy.

Thank you


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